Indonesian Missile Technology

Missile technology in Indonesia

Realization of making missile or rocket technology in Indonesia, has been initiated since the early 1960s. Indonesia is the second country in Asia and Africa, after Japan successfully launched the rocket itself, ie Kartika 1 rocket on August 14, 1964. But it is undeniable, that success can not be separated from the technical assistance of the Soviet Union, when it is most excellent in the field of missile or rocket technology. Since Indonesia buy various missiles SAM (Surface to Air Missile) of the actual development of the Soviet Union, in missile technology in the country has begun. But unfortunately, Indonesia failed to transfer this technology as a result, for more than a quarter century since launching its first satellite, Indonesia can only act as consumers only. Meanwhile, other countries began to build right to create and develop missile and satellite technology. Actually, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's visit to China on May 30, 2005, which discusses the development of rocket or missile cooperation between the two countries, is a golden opportunity for Indonesia to develop advanced missile technologies. Where in return Indonesia will buy Chinese missiles, and is expected in the next 5 years Indonesia has been able to transfer technology Chinese missile systems.

Kartika rockets 1 and 2

On August 14, 1964, the pride of Indonesia Kartika 1 weighing 220 kg rocket successfully launched successfully from the rocket launch station Pameungpeuk, Garut, West Java, followed by the launch of Kartika 2. Not much is known publicly, that the success of the rocket launch is the result of collaboration or cooperation of the Department of Research and Development (D.O.R.A.D) Air Force Space Agency and University institutions Bandung Institute of Technology. Even if we come to the Air Squadron 7 Kalijati (Airport Surya Dharma) can be found to belong to the Soviet SAM missiles that have been parsed as an Air Force officer training practice rocket branch. Missile successfully parsed exactly embryo or embryos are making Kartika Rocket 1 and 2. Unfortunately pioneering missile program in Indonesia is stopped and can not proceed.

Rocket RX 250 LPN

Only later in 1987 EIGHT back making new rocket called the RX-250 LPNs, liquid and solid fueled by weight 300 kg has 5.30 meters long to reach 70 km competitive. EIGHT rocket successfully launched the RX-250 seamlessly LPN first rocket launching station Pameungpeuk, Garut, West Java. Then in 1995, the second rocket RX-250 LPNs also successfully launched successfully. Arguably the RX-250 rocket is a rocket-art LPNs made the best sons and daughters in Indonesia. That may need to be developed further is guided rocket system fitted modern radar system, which can be developed into one of the eminent military defense equipment.
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In conclusion it can be concluded, that the progress and development of military weapons technology has always had a strategic value and plays an important role in a war. Similarly with Missile technology with its ability to reach remote and devastated the deadly force will continue to grow suitable rate of development of military technology. Until technological mastery military defense equipment to be absolute in nature and required by the nation of Indonesia in order to reduce the dependence of military equipment or weapons made abroad. Indonesia, which has a reliable human resources supported a range of facilities such as Pindad strategic industry, PT. PAL, PT.DI, EIGHT, and so on, actually has a huge potential to develop and expand its own defense industry and the military. Never forgotten, that Indonesia has a history of gold as the world's third country after the United States and Canada which has its own communications satellite Palapa satellite namely A1 (launched July 9th, 1976). Indonesia is also listed as the second country in Asia and Africa after the successful Japanese launch its own rocket, rocket namely Kartika 1, on 14 August 1964. Gold record let precious capitalized for the Indonesian people to catch up on military weapons technology from other countries. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono himself had invited all components of the nation in order to begin making strategic efforts towards survival military defense equipment production in the state. Due to the survival of ovarian Alut can decrease dependence of foreign countries, as well as to anticipate the possibility of military embargo. Well, the government only has a political willingness (political will) to the case, then it seems we must uphold the right order to get ahead of Indonesia in line with other developed countries.
*) Pasi Evalnet Disinfonet Puspen TNI (Alumni Dept. Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, U.K.)

Stepping Toward Launch

Satellite applications and the increasing diversity of the needs of the vehicle, plus the force of the prohibition of the purchase of rocket components maker, pushing Indonesia to gather the strength to be independent, in the field of rocketry was developed as a satellite orbiter.
National Aeronautics and Space Institute (National Aeronautics and Space Institute), who reached the age of 45 years on November 27, since 2007, to accelerate the development of rocketry and satellite technologies. Acceleration that occurs after successfully removing the dependency on foreign fuel propellant manufacture, among other ammonium perchlorate.



After the success with the launch of the rocket experiments and Rx-320 Rx250, National Aeronautics and Space Agency successfully conducted the static test Rx-420 in Air Vehicle Technology Center Rumpin National Aeronautics and Space Agency, Tarogong, Tangerang. After the implementation of the static test rocket test launch control diameter of 100 mm and 300 mm and 122 mm rockets launched ballistic last weekend in Pamengpeuk, Garut regency, West Java.
After watching the implementation of the Rx-420 static test, Minister of State for Research and Technology Kusmayanto Kadiman said it will continue to encourage the National Aeronautics and Space Institute to develop rockets consistent with their competence to be the satellite orbit. "For the rocket program in 2009, I have proposed to Parliament a fund of Rp 25 billion," he said.

In 2009, a clear head the National Aeronautics and Space Agency Adi Sadewo Salatun, after the success of Rx-420 static test, rocketry program will continue to test the rocket launch that is planned to be implemented in May 2009.
Described Edi Sofyan, Head of Sector Control Rocket Research Group Institute of Aeronautics and Space Agency, RK-100 guided missile three units launched Saturday (20/12) in Pamengpeuk, South Garut. The launch of the mission was to test the control system on the rear fin.
Launch of RK-100, which has a length of 4 meters, is the third phase of the rocket experiment. Phase I, which was September 2007 still found problems on the wings. After the repairs, carried out the launch RK-100 Phase II in June 2008.
The guided missile test launches 300 mm which is the first step, obviously Edi, aims to test the rocket propulsion systems and turbo jet.
On Sunday (21/12) in the same location implemented the first stage ballistic rocket launch RB-122 is not equipped with a control system. At the launch of the test is intended to measure the performance or the performance of a rocket motor.
Good performance testing rockets and ballistic control system is one in a series of satellites orbiting rocket development.

Rx-configuration 420-320

420 mm diameter rocket experiment (Rx-420), static test execution delayed week, as it required the addition of a drag on the tail propulsion system, just to be safe. "By installing a proper anchoring system on the rocket, which is placed in a horizontal position in the hall, then the rocket will remain stable when the ignition test," said Adi.
In flame conditions, Rx-420 rocket which uses ammonium perchlorate fuel will have a thrust of up to 10 tons in 11 seconds. "The loss of resistance that occurred in 1986 in a static rocket tests. Consequently, rockets out of the blocks (test house)," added Adi.
Results of the static test measurements Rx-420, clear Lilis Mariani, a researcher at the Static Test Team Rx-420, rocket performance is slightly better than plan design, especially rockets thrust higher than planned.



Rx-420 rocket is an important part of the rocket configuration Orbiter Satellite (Satellite Launch Vehicle / SLV) First, the National Aeronautics and Space Agency planned launched in 2014, clearly Yus Kadarusman Markis, Head of the Institute of Aerospace Technology Center National Aeronautics and Space Vehicles.
In the SLV-I, consists of three levels rocket, which in the first instance mounted three rockets Rx-420 as a booster or booster, at a rate of two diameters 420 as driver support, and at a rate of three propulsion 320.
With the composition and use of solid propellant rocket fuel, according to Yus, is enough to bring the satellite into orbit. "This allows bringing nano satellites orbiting rocket whose preparation will take two years," added Adi.
Rx-420 rocket that weighed about 2 tons has a range of 120 km. With that configuration, SLV-I is expected to reach a height of about 400 km. This rocket can carry a payload of 50 kg to reach the minimum achieved orbit at an altitude of 250 km. Horizontal speed of the rocket in orbit at 8 km per second.
Institute of Aeronautics and Space Agency is currently developing their own materials for lighter rockets, because the development of manufacturing technology and material well-propellant rockets are closed.

"The purchase of foreign materials is not possible because all countries, including China, no longer meet the rocket material for the manufacture of Indonesia, as the country entered the category need to be watched like Iran," said Yus.

At a later stage, the National Aeronautics and Space Agency will continue to develop rockets larger diameter, ie Rx and Rx-540-750. Rx-420 rockets National Aviation and Space Agency are the sixth rocket developed over the years. Previous generations of successive rocket has a diameter of 70, 100, 150, 250, and 320 mm.
Since several years ago, said Yus, researcher Institute of Aeronautics and Space Agency also has developed a liquid fuel propellant weight reached 10 kg. It still took a long time to get the capacity to support rocket orbiting satellites.
Barriers due to lack of human resources and the difficulty of obtaining materials research, as well as the high level of difficulty and danger of explosion in the manufacture of liquid propellant. Even so, the National Institute of Aeronautics and Space Agency should develop the manufacture of liquid propellant which has advantages than solid propellants, which makes it easier to control when the rocket to orbit.